Understanding Swallowing Disorders in Parkinson's Disease
Bonnie K. Slavych, Speech-Language Pathologist
If you or someone you care for is living with Parkinson's Disease (PD), you might have noticed some changes in how swallowing works. It's not uncommon, but it can be a bit worrying. Here's what you need to know to manage this challenge effectively.
What Happens to Swallowing in PD?
Parkinson's can affect muscles all over the body, including those you use to swallow. You might find it harder to chew food, or feel like food is sticking in your throat. Sometimes, swallowing might feel slow or like it takes more effort than it used to.
Recognizing the Signs
Here are some signs that swallowing might be becoming a problem:
Coughing or choking while eating or drinking.
A sensation of food being stuck in your throat.
Frequent throat clearing after meals.
Unexpected weight loss or dehydration.
Why It’s Important
Aside from being uncomfortable, difficulties with swallowing can lead to more serious issues like malnutrition or aspiration pneumonia (when food or liquid goes into the lungs). That’s why it’s so important to address these issues as soon as they're noticed.
Practical Tips for Everyday Management
Modify Your Eating Environment: Sit upright during and after meals. If you’re caring for someone with PD, help them maintain a good posture, with their head and neck aligned with their back.
Adapt Your Diet: Soft foods can be easier to manage. If you’re having difficulty chewing, think about blending, grinding, or mashing foods to make them safer and more comfortable to eat. Avoid overly dry foods. Choose foods that are moist or think about adding gravy or dipping in sauces or dressings.
Eat Slowly: Take small bites and chew your food thoroughly. Rushing through meals can increase the risk of choking.
Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of fluids to help food pass more easily.
Regular Check-ups: Regular visits to a speech-language pathologist (SLP) can be very beneficial. Find an SLP who specializes in helping people with PD manage their swallowing difficulties through tailored exercises and strategies.
Communication is Key: Keep the lines of communication open with caregivers and loved ones. If swallowing is becoming more difficult, let someone know. Together, you can find solutions to manage the condition more effectively.
A Note for Caregivers
As a caregiver, your role is vital in monitoring and helping manage swallowing difficulties. Your support in meal preparation, maintaining a conducive eating environment, and ensuring regular healthcare consultations can make a significant difference.
Please know that you’re not alone in this. Many people with PD face similar challenges, and there are plenty of resources and communities that can offer support and advice. Stay informed, stay proactive, and take each day one step at a time.